XX
 XX
 XX
 FA RFX1
 XX
 SY EF-C; RFX; RF-X; enhancer
factor C; hRFX1.
 XX
 OS human, Homo sapiens
 OC eukaryota;
animalia; metazoa; chordata; vertebrata; tetrapoda; mammalia;

OC eutheria; primates
 XX
 XX
 HO TGT3, EP protein, MDBP,
CeRFX (C.elegans), Sak1 (S.pombe), Crt1
 HO (S.cerevisiae)

 XX
 CL C0023; fork head; 3.3.4.1.1.
 XX

SZ 979 AA; 104.7 kDa (cDNA)
 XX
 XX
 SC SwissProt #P22670

XX
 FT 4 73 glutamine-rich region (16/70).
 FT 13 97 proline-rich
region (34/85).
 FT 85 126 serine-/threonine-rich region (13/42).

FT 127 212 glutamine-rich region (20/86).
 FT 215 227 serine-/threonine-rich
region (7/13).
 FT 215 378 PF04589; RFX1_trans_act.
 FT
230 296 glutamine-rich region (18/67).
 FT 304 380 serine-/threonine-rich
region (31/77).
 FT 381 411 glycine-rich region (25/31).

FT 421 503 PF02257; RFX_DNA_binding.
 FT 438 528 DNA-binding
domain (DBD) [14].
 FT 439 445 alpha-helix 1, H1 [2].
 FT
446 455 beta-strand, S1 [2].
 FT 456 469 alpha-helix 2, H2
[2].
 FT 470 475 connecting loop 1, L1 [2].
 FT 476 486
alpha-helix 3, H3 [2].
 FT 487 490 connecting loop 2, L2 [2].

FT 491 495 beta-strand 2, S2 [2].
 FT 496 501 wing, W1 [2].

FT 502 511 beta-strand 3, S3 [2].
 FT 621 739 domains B and
C, autoinhibitory domains [4].
 FT 621 979 extended dimerization
domain, EDD [5] [6].
 FT 744 979 dimerization domain, repression
domain [7].
 FT 913 936 acidic region, Ac [1].
 FT 937 979
nuclear localization signal, NLS [1].
 XX
 SF member of
winged-helix class of helix-turn-helix superclass of factors [2];

SF the DBD exhibits a weak sequence similarity to the bHLH domain
consensus
 SF and is predicted to constitute two amphipathic
helices and a linking loop
 SF [14];
 SF it binds to DNA
as a dimer, but dimerization is not a prerequisite for
 SF
DNA-binding [14];
 SF both RF-X subunits interact independently
with the X-box(es) [14];
 SF together with MIBP1 ,
RFX1 constitutes the DNA-binding activity
 SF MIF-1 
[9];
 SF secondary structure exhibits three alpha-helical and
one beta-stranded
 SF segments within the DNA-binding domain,
the potential helix III region
 SF being responsible for sequence
specific binding [8];
 SF DNA binding domain has been identified
as winged-helix, hRFX1 uses a
 SF beta-hairpin (or wing) for
DNA recognition instead of recognition helix [2];
 SF DBD consistis
of 3 alpha-helices, 3 beta-strands and 3 connecting loops [2];

SF new mode of DNA binding: beta-strands S2 and S3 and wing W1
make extensive
 SF contacts with the major groove of one half-site
of the symmetric X-box,
 SF alpha-helix H3 interacts with the
minor groove of the other half-site [2];
 SF N-terminal transactivation
domain, but activation potential can be masked
 SF by autoinhibitory
domain [4];
 SF can bind DNA as a homodimer or heterodimer
with RFX2 or RFX3 [4];
 SF possesses a split, extended dimerization
domain which mediated formation of
 SF alternative homodimeric
complexes [5] [6];
 SF EDD is similar to the LBD of nuclear
receptors by several features, it is
 SF independent on DBD,
mediates dimerization and can function in alternative
 SF conformations
[5] [6];
 SF C-terminal acidic region may work as an autoinhibitory
domain relating DNA
 SF binding by RFX1 [1];
 XX
 CP
ubiquitous, highly expressed in primary eosinophils [4]
 XX

FF homodimers can function as activators or repressors depending
on the nature
 FF of interactions between two subunits, two
distinct types of homodimers can
 FF be formed which are different
in their function [5] [7] [6];
 FF preferential binding to
methylated sequences;
 FF binds to X boxes of MHC class II
alpha-chain gene promoters [15] and the
 FF HBV enhancer I
[11];
 FF identical to EF-C [11], but different from NF-X;

FF at the HBV enhancer I, it has to cooperate with liver-specific
factors [11];
 FF it cooperatively binds to the X-Y-box pattern
of MHC gene promoters with
 FF NF-Y [10];
 FF inhibitory
role in the regulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen

FF (PCNA) expression [3];
 FF DNA binding activity may be regulated
by phosphorylation [1];
 XX
 IN T02313; MIBP1; rat, Rattus
norvegicus.
 IN T01667; RFX2; human, Homo sapiens.
 IN T01669;
RFX2; mouse, Mus musculus.
 IN T01670; RFX3; human, Homo sapiens.

XX
 XX
 XX
 XX
 RN [1]; RE0022531.
 RX MEDLINE;
11358531.
 RA Katan-Khaykovich Y., Shaul Y.
 RT Nuclear
import and DNA-binding activity of RFX1. Evidence for an
 RT
autoinhibitory mechanism.
 RL Eur. J. Biochem. 268:3108-3116
(2001).
 RN [2]; RE0022520.
 RX MEDLINE; 10706293.
 RA
Gajiwala K. S., Chen H., Cornille F., Roques B. P., Reith W.,
Mach B.,
 RA Burley S. K.
 RT Structure of the winged-helix
protein hRFX1 reveals a new mode of DNA
 RT binding.
 RL
Nature 403:916-921 (2000).
 RN [3]; RE0017028.
 RX MEDLINE;
99269075.
 RA Liu M., Lee B. H., Mathews M. B.
 RT Involvement
of RFX1 protein in the regulation of the human proliferating

RT cell nuclear antigen promoter
 RL J. Biol. Chem. 274:15433-15439
(1999).
 RN [4]; RE0022525.
 RX MEDLINE; 10330134.
 RA
Iwama A., Pan J., Zhang P., Reith W., Mach B., Tenen D. G., Sun
Z.
 RT Dimeric RFX proteins contribute to the activity and
lineage specificity of
 RT the interleukin-5 receptor alpha
promoter through activation and repression
 RT domains.

RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:3940-3950 (1999).
 RN [5]; RE0022527.

RX MEDLINE; 10556033.
 RA Katan-Khaykovich Y., Spiegel I.,
Shaul Y.
 RT The dimerization/repression domain of RFX1 is
related to a conserved region
 RT of its yeast homologues Crt1
and Sak1: a new function for an ancient motif.
 RL J. Mol.
Biol. 294:121-137 (1999).
 RN [6]; RE0022530.
 RX MEDLINE;
9733744.
 RA Katan-Khaykovich Y., Shaul Y.
 RT RFX1, a single
DNA-binding protein with a split dimerization domain,
 RT generates
alternative complexes.
 RL J. Biol. Chem. 273:24504-24512 (1998).

RN [7]; RE0022528.
 RX MEDLINE; 9278482.
 RA Katan Y., Agami
R., Shaul Y.
 RT The transcriptional activation and repression
domains of RFX1, a
 RT context-dependent regulator, can mutually
neutralize their activities.
 RL Nucleic Acids Res. 25:3621-3628
(1997).
 RN [8]; RE0006617.
 RX MEDLINE; 96315675.
 RA
Emery P., Strubin M., Hofmann K., Bucher P., Mach B., Reith W.

RT A consensus motif in the RFX DNA binding domain and binding
domain mutants
 RT with altered specificity
 RL Mol. Cell.
Biol. 16:4486-4494 (1996).
 RN [9]; RE0006616.
 RX MEDLINE;
95280902.
 RA Reinhold W., Emens L., Itkes A., Blake M., Ichinose
I., Zajac-Kaye M.
 RT The myc intron-binding polypeptide associates
with RFX1 in vivo and binds
 RT to the major histocompatibility
complex class II promoter region, to the
 RT hepatitis B virus
enhancer, and to regulatory regions of several distinct
 RT
viral genes
 RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:3041-3048 (1995).
 RN
[10]; RE0003796.
 RX MEDLINE; 94119925.
 RA Reith W., Siegrist
C. A., Durand B., Barras E., Mach B.
 RT Function of major
histocompatibility complex class II promoters requires
 RT
cooperative binding between factors RFX and NF-Y
 RL Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:554-558 (1994).
 RN [11]; RE0003798.

RX MEDLINE; 94019311.
 RA Siegrist C. A., Durand B., Emery
P., David E., Hearing P., Mach B., Reith W.
 RT RFX1 is identical
to enhancer factor C and functions as a transactivator of

RT the hepatitis B virus enhancer
 RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:6375-6384
(1993).
 RN [12]; RE0002144.
 RX MEDLINE; 91232904.

RA Hasegawa S. L., Sloan J. H., Reith W., Mach B., Boss J. M.

RT Regulatory factor-X binding to mutant HLA-DRA promoter sequences

RL Nucleic Acids Res. 19:1243-1248 (1991).
 RN [13]; RE0002729.

RX MEDLINE; 91220738.
 RA Garcia A. D., Ostapchuk P., Hearing
P.
 RT Methylation-dependent and -independent DNA binding of
nuclear factor EF-C
 RL Virology 182:857-860 (1991).
 RN
[14]; RE0000690.
 RX MEDLINE; 91071581.
 RA Reith W., Herrero-Sanchez
C., Kobr M., Silacci P., Berte C., Barras E., Fey
 RA S., Mach
B.
 RT MHC class II regulatory factor RFX has a novel DNA-binding
domain and a
 RT functionally independent dimerization domain

RL Genes Dev. 4:1528-1540 (1990).
 RN [15]; RE0001485.

RX MEDLINE; 90158612.
 RA Kobr M., Reith W., Herrero-Sanchez
C., Mach B.
 RT Two DNA-binding proteins discriminate between
the promoters of different
 RT members of the major histocompatibility
complex class II multigene family
 RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:965-971
(1990).
 RN [16]; RE0002442.
 RX MEDLINE; 91017573.

RA Cogswell J. P., Basta P. V., Ting J. P.-Y.
 RT X-box-binding
proteins positively and negatively regulate transcription of

RT the HLA-DRA gene through interaction with discrete upstream
W and V elements
 RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:7703-7707
(1990).
 RN [17]; RE0001429.
 RX MEDLINE; 89384536.

RA Ostapchuk P., Scheirle G., Hearing P.
 RT Binding of Nuclear
Factor EF-C to a Functional Domain of the Hepatitis B
 RT Virus
Enhancer Region
 RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:2787-2797 (1989).

RN [18]; RE0002392.
 RX MEDLINE; 89264585.
 RA Reith W.,
Barras E., Satola S., Kobr M., Reinhardt D., Sanchez C. H., Mach

RA B.
 RT Cloning of the major histocompatibility complex class
II promoter binding
 RT protein affected in a hereditary defect
in class II gene regulation
 RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
86:4200-4204 (1989).
 RN [19]; RE0000111.
 RX MEDLINE; 88253410.

RA Reith W., Satola S., Herrero-Sanchez C., Amaldi I., Lisowska-Grospierre
B.,
 RA Griscelli C., Hadam M. R., Mach B.
 RT Congenital
Immunodeficiency with a Regulatory Defect in MHC Class II Gene

RT Expression Lacks a Specific HLA-DR Promoter Binding Protein,
RF-X
 RL Cell 53:897-906 (1988).
 RN [20]; RE0000351.

RX MEDLINE; 88004398.
 RA Shaul Y., Ben-Levy R.
 RT Multiple
nuclear proteins in liver cells are bound to hepatitis B virus

RT enhancer element and its upstream sequences
 RL EMBO J.
6:1913-1920 (1987).
 XX